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After Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, Europe’s security posture shifted from long-term debate to immediate urgency. What once felt theoretical — large-scale war on the continent — became a strategic reality.
For decades, much of Europe relied heavily on NATO’s collective defense structure and U.S. security guarantees. Now, with the war in Ukraine ongoing and geopolitical tensions elevated, European leaders are accelerating efforts to strengthen military readiness, industrial capacity, and strategic autonomy within both the EU framework and North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
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